Lokacin da aka gina tsarin ginin da ake da shi yanzu a zamanin Safawiyya, ba a kawar da ɗakunan ƙarƙashin ƙasa, kaburbura da mihrabai da suke a wuraren farfajiyar mai daraja ta Atabutul Alawiyya ba. Daga cikin waɗannan kaburbura akwai na sarakunan gidan Jalayiriyya. A wancan lokaci, matakin farfajiyar ya kasance ƙasa da filayen da suke kewaye da shi, domin tsawon lokaci taruwar ƙasa da zaizayar iska sun sa matakin ƙasa a wannan yanki ya ƙaru.
Sabuntawa a Zamanin Daular Usmaniyya
A zamanin Sultan Selim na Uku na Daular Usmaniyya (1203–1222H), gwamnan Baghdad ya bayar da umarni a shekara ta 1206H, wadda ta yi daidai da 1791M, cewa a cire waɗannan kaburbura, sannan a lulluɓe tsakar Farfajiyar da marmara domin sauƙaƙa zirga-zirgar maziyarta. Sai dai Marja’in Shi’a, Sayyid Muhammad Mahdi Bahr al-Ulum, ya ƙi amincewa da wannan mataki, ya kuma bayar da umarnin cewa waɗannan kaburbura su ci gaba da kasancewa a wurarensu. Saboda haka, an gina rufi tsakanin kaburburan, sannan aka shimfiɗa fararen duwatsu da aka hako daga ma’adanan dake kewayen Najaf a samansu. Mir Khairullah Irani ne ya samar da kuɗaɗen wannan aiki.
Sabunta tsakar Farfajiyar Mai Daraja ta Atabutul Alawiyya a Zamanin Sultan Abdul Hamid na Biyu
A ranar farko ta watan Shawwal na shekara ta 1315H, wadda ta yi daidai da 1898M, aka fara aikin sabunta tsakar Farfajiyar mai daraja ta Atabutul Alawiyya bisa umarnin Sultan Abdul Hamid na Biyu. Lokacin da aka cire duwatsun, tsoffin ɗakunan ƙarƙashin ƙasa da kaburburan wasu sarakuna da sarakunan fada suka bayyana. An kammala wannan aiki a ranar 10 ga Jumada as-Sani na shekara ta 1316H, wadda ta yi daidai da 1898M. Allama Sayyid Ja’afar Bahr al-Ulum ya rubuta wannan sabuntawa a cikin majiyoyin tarihi.
Abubuwan da Suka Faru Yayin Sabunta tsakar Farfajiyar Mai Daraja na Atabutul Alawiyya
Sheikh Muhammad Husseini Hirz al-Din ya rubuta game da abubuwan da ya gani yayin aikin sabunta tsakar Farfajiyar mai daraja ta Atabutul Alawiyya cewa:
“A watan Rabi’ as-Sani na shekara ta 1316H, ma’aikata, bisa umarnin Sultan Abdul Hamid Khan, suka fara tona tsakar Farfajiyar a Najaf mai daraja domin a gyara da sake sabunta ɗakunan ƙarƙashin ƙasa da aka rufe. A yayin wannan aiki, an karya mutuncin mamatan ta hanyar da ba za a iya misaltawa ba. An gudanar da aikin ƙarƙashin kulawar Ala al-Din Effendi, wakilin Awqaf a Najaf.
A sakamakon haka, wasu manyan kaburbura suka bayyana a ɓangaren arewa maso gabas, kuma suna da alaƙa da wani ɗakin ƙarƙashin ƙasa da ya kai har ƙofar masallacin da aka fi sani da Masallacin al-Khadra. Haka kuma, an gano manyan kaburbura guda biyu kusa da wurin ajiye takalma na Qiran, wani ƙauye dake hanyar Karbala zuwa Najaf, a ƙarƙashin tsakar Farfajiyar, waɗanda mai yiwuwa suna cikin filin makabartar Najaf. An gina waɗannan kaburbura da kyawawan tayal shuɗi masu kama da mosaic, masu launuka masu haske da zane-zane masu kyau. Katangun dake kewaye da kaburburan biyu sun kasance an lulluɓe su da tayal da aka sassaka da hotunan furanni da bishiyoyi. A ƙarƙashinsu kuma akwai wani katafaren ɗaki na ƙasa sosai, wanda aka gina da farin dutse mai haske kuma mai tsada. Matakalan ɗakin na ƙasa ma an yi su da wannan farin dutse.”
A kan dutsen ɗaya daga cikin kaburburan an rubuta: «Babban Sarki Sultan Mu’izz al-Din Abdul Wasi’ ya rasu a ranar 3 ga Jumada al-Ula, shekara ta 791H.»
A kan dutsen kabari na biyu an rubuta: «11 ga Muharram, ranar Laraba, shekara ta 831H», amma ba a iya karanta sunan mamacin ba.
Wani kabari kuma ya bayyana kusa da waɗannan kaburbura, wanda aka rubuta a kansa:
«Wannan shi ne kabarin marigayiya Shahzada Sultan Bayazid, ṭāba sarāhā (Allah Ya tsarkake ƙasarta), Jumada al-Sani, shekara ta 803H.»
An kuma gano wani kabari na wani yaro daga zuriyar Sultan Sheikh Uwais, wanda mai yiwuwa shi ne wanda aka yabe shi a cikin Diwan na Khwaja Hafiz na Farisa da wannan baitin:
«الحمدُ للهِ على مَعْدِلَهِ السُّلطانِ احمَدَ بنِ شَیخِ أُوَیسِ حَسَنِ ایلخانی؛ Godiya ta tabbata ga Allah saboda adalcin Sultan Ahmad; ɗan, Sheikh na gidan, Uwais Hassan Ilkhani.»
Ma’aikatan sun rushe waɗannan kayayyakin tarihi bisa umarnin Majalisar Awqaf ta Baghdad, ba tare da kiyaye mutuncin da ya dace da su a matsayinsu na sarakunan Musulmi masu imani ba. Allah Ya saka wa shugaban masu hidimar harami da ma’aikatansa da alheri, domin umarni kafin wannan lamari da bayansa na Allah ne kaɗai.
Sabuntawa da Bunƙasa Haramin Imam Ali Mai Tsarki
A shekara ta 1370H, wadda ta yi daidai da 1951M, Nuri al-Sa’id, Firaministan Iraki, ya ziyarci Najaf, ya kuma bayar da umarnin kafa kwamiti domin kula da jerin gyare-gyare da sabuntawa a haramin Amirul Mu’uminin Imam Ali (Amincin Allah ya tabbata a gare shi) da Farfajiyarsa.
An kafa wannan kwamiti ƙarƙashin shugabancin Qa’im Maqam na Najaf, Sayyid Diya Shukara, da Hakim al-Bada’, wato alkalin birnin Najaf, Ustaz Abdul Fattah al-Amiri. Mambobin kwamitin sun haɗa da mai kula da harami, Sayyid Abbas Rafi’i; mamban Majalisar Gudanar da Shari’a, Ustaz Rashad Ajina; shugaban karamar hukumar Najaf, Haj Muhammad Sa’id Shamsa; da wasu jami’an gudanarwa na Karbala da injiniyoyin Awqaf na gwamnati.
An kuma zaɓi Sheikh Ulum Kashif al-Ghita a matsayin sakataren kwamitin. An samar da kuɗaɗen da ake buƙata domin wannan babban shiri daga kasafin kuɗin gwamnatin Iraki, sannan aka gudanar da ayyukan ƙarƙashin kulawar ƙwararrun injiniyoyi da masu gini, ciki har da Haj Sa’id Mi’mar.
Daga cikin ayyukan da aka aiwatar akwai gyaran tsakar Farfajiyar mai daraja ta Atabutul Alawiyya da lulluɓe zaurukansa da marmarar Iraki. An kammala waɗannan ayyuka a shekara ta 1371H, wadda ta yi daidai da 1952M.
Sheikh Muhammad Husseini Hirz al-Din ya rubuta game da wannan sabuntawa cewa:
“A shekara ta 1370H, an sabunta tsakar Farfajiyar mai daraja ta Atabutul Alawiyya a ɓangaren kudu, sannan aka lulluɓe gefunan zauruka da farar marmara, a cikin wani aikin bunƙasa da gwamnatin Iraki ta ware dinari 500 domin aiwatarwa.”
Sabunta Tsakar Farfajiya Mai Daraja ta Atabutul Alawiyya da Na’urorin Samar da Ruwa
A shekara ta 1401H, wadda ta yi daidai da 1981M, an lulluɓe tsakar Farfajiyar da marmara. Da lokaci ya wuce, saboda tsufa da ƙarancin ingancin aikin ginin, marmarar ta fara tsagewa da farfashewa. Haka kuma, wasu sassan ƙasa suka fara nutsewa saboda kasancewar ɗakunan ƙarƙashin ƙasa da wuraren da babu komai a ƙarƙashin tsakar Farfajiyar.
Saboda haka, jagorancin Atabutul Alawiyya ya yanke shawarar gyara wuraren da suka lalace da sake gina tsakar Farfajiyar da farin marmarar Thassos ta Girka. Wannan marmara tana da inganci sosai, kuma wata sifarta ta musamman ita ce zafinta yana kasa da zafin muhalli da digiri 14 na Celsius. Wannan siffa ta dace sosai da zafin lokacin bazara na birnin da kuma yanayin tsakar Farfajiyar mai daraja, inda maziyarta suke tafiya babu takalma. An fara aiwatar da wannan aiki a watan Zhul Qa’ada na shekara ta 1438H, wadda ta yi daidai da 2017M.
Mataki na Farko:
- An cire tsohuwar marmara da lalataccen simintin dake ƙarƙashinta.
- An cire tsohon farin dutsen da ke tsakar Farfajiyar.
- An gyara ɗakunan ƙarƙashin ƙasa da kaburbura bisa ƙa’idojin Shari’a, sannan aka ɗauki matakan injiniyanci da suka dace domin kare su.
Mataki na Gaba:
- An gyara tare da sake gina zoben rijiyoyi masu zurfin mita 10 zuwa 12, waɗanda ake amfani da su wajen fitar da ruwa daga farfajiyar.
- An tsaftace da kula da hanyoyin magudanar ruwa da suke haɗe da waɗannan rijiyoyi.
- An cire tsoffin bututun ruwa, sannan aka kafa hanyar sadarwa ta bututun roba masu inganci sosai mai tsawon mita 618 a cikin sabon ramin hidima da aka gina a cikin farfajiyar.
Haka kuma, an samar da wuraren fitar da ruwa a kowane ginshiƙin zaure domin sauƙaƙa samar da ruwa zuwa sassa daban-daban na farfajiyar.
Madogara
An ciro daga littafin «Tarikh al-Marqad al-Alawi al-Mutahhar».
A sashen da ya gabata na wannan jerin rubuce-rubuce, an yi bayani kan Tarihin Ayyukan Tayal da Gyaran Sahni Mai Tsarki na Atabutul Alawiyya.
